Answer to Question #1076 Submitted to "Ask the Experts"

Q

We have several old lead rubber x-ray protection aprons. Is there any organization that can use these? If not, what is the recommended disposal?

A

Lead aprons contain lead, obviously, and may contain other heavy metals as well. These metals are powdered, mixed into synthetic rubber or polyvinyl chloride (PVC), formed into sheets, covered with protective nylon layers, cut into patterns, and sewn into protective garments. Lead can often be recycled; however, it is unlikely that a metal recycler will accept lead aprons because melting the lead could lead to the formations of dioxins from the burning of the plastic, rubber, and nylon.

Lead and other heavy metals meet the criteria for a hazardous material under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA); therefore, simple disposal to a municipal landfill is inappropriate. Lead aprons need to be disposed of as a hazardous material. Additionally, it is advisable to conduct a quick contamination survey of the lead using a thin window GM survey meter.

Several years ago, radioactive lead was inadvertently mixed with the lead powder used to manufacture aprons. The hazardous waste broker may be able to handle any contaminated lead aprons or may refer the matter to a radioactive waste broker. If the lead aprons are in good condition, then donating the aprons is possible (I take an extra large). Consider veterinary clinics (especially emergency veterinary clinics), dental offices/schools, universities, hospitals, etc. With some creativity, they may be converted into other useful shielding for low-energy gamma- or x-ray emitters.

Kent Lambert, MS, CHP